后人类中心设计：体验与自然和谐共存的建筑
It is common to see abandoned architecture in modern society. Many factories and residential properties are exposed to nature without human maintenance. According to a survey, from 1997 to 2003, there has been a 26% decrease in the number of abandoned commercial/mixed-use buildings in Boston. Redesigning abandoned buildings and designing sustainable buildings for the future has always been a concern for today’s architects. Unlike natural landscapes, the “buildings” we are referring to are entirely human-made landscapes, which are places of human activity.
在现代社会中，废弃的建筑随处可见。许多工厂和住宅物业在没有人类维护的情况下暴露在自然环境中。根据一项调查，从 1997 年到 2003 年，波士顿废弃的商业/混合用途建筑的数量减少了 26%。重新设计废弃建筑和为未来设计可持续建筑一直是当今建筑师关注的问题。不同于自然景观，“建筑”指的是完全由人造的景观，是人类活动的场所。
Mountains and rivers are beautiful scenery, and the night scenes in the city are landscapes. However, why do we define an abandoned building as a “ruin”? Just imagine what will happen when humans are not using a building and human activities do not disturb that building. Nature will be the protagonist, starting with the moss, then the weeds, and animals will use the building as a shelter; nature is restoring the building with its power. From a non-human perspective, the abandoned building is not a “ruin” but a naturally restored human landscape.
山脉与河流是美丽的风景，城市的夜景也是一种景观。然而，为什么我们要将一个废弃的建筑定义为“废墟”呢？想象一下，当人类不使用一座建筑，人类活动不干扰这座建筑时会发生什么。自然将成为主角，从苔藓开始，然后是杂草，动物将使用这座建筑作为避难所；自然正在用它的力量恢复这座建筑。从非人类的视角看，废弃的建筑不是“废墟”，而是自然恢复的人类景观。
How shall we define abandoned buildings? There are different answers in the human-dominated world versus the non-human-dominated world.
我们应该如何定义废弃建筑？在人类主宰的世界与非人类主宰的世界中，答案各不相同。
Abstract
摘要
Whether it is eco-sustainable buildings using sustainable and recycled construction materials, the fourth-generation green buildings designed with a lot of green plants growing on them, or the reuse of abandoned spaces to reduce labor and environmental pollution, these are the world we see from our human perspective, we are always the protagonist of the stories. Would it be different if we could evaluate the world differently? How would nature exist in the world after humans evacuate from the scenario?
无论是使用可持续和可回收建筑材料的生态可持续建筑，还是设计有很多绿色植物生长的第四代绿色建筑，抑或是重用废弃空间以减少劳动力和环境污染，这些都是我们从人类视角看到的世界，我们总是故事的主角。如果我们能以不同的方式评价世界，会有所不同吗？人类从场景中撤离后，自然会如何存在于世界中？
Returning the dominance to the nature we have ignored for a long time will show the audience an unprecedented experience with the understanding of the relationship between their existence and the world.
将长时间被我们忽视的自然归还其主导权，将向观众展示一个前所未有的体验，让他们理解自己的存在与世界的关系。
Project Introduction
项目介绍
Our team aims to create an interactive speculative art installation, providing an immersive experience. This project intends to make the audience participate and immerse themselves into a scenario of an abandoned infrastructure by using surrounding animations. The actions and movements of the audience would act as a disruptive element, an “interloper” in the scenario. The goal is to inspire users’ feelings and reflections about the post-anthropocentric nature. The audience may follow this immersive interaction to re-examine their identity in the world.
我们的团队旨在创建一个互动性的投机艺术装置，提供一种沉浸式体验。该项目旨在让观众参与并沉浸在一个废弃基础设施的场景中，通过使用周围的动画。观众的行动和动作将作为一个干扰元素，“闯入者”在场景中。目标是激发用户对后人类中心自然的感受和反思。观众可以通过这种沉浸式互动来重新审视他们在世界中的身份。
Research
研究
Our team conducted field research on abandoned architecture in the Walter E. Fernald Developmental Center, an abandoned area near Boston, to analyze the habitat without human interference.
我们的团队在波士顿附近的沃尔特·E·费尔纳德发展中心进行了现场研究，这是一个废弃区域，旨在分析没有人类干扰的栖息地。
Ideate
构思
We use the Kinect sensor and any projector to make an interactive projector screen. Users can play as a part of the abandoned architecture. There will be green plants growing or animal crossing around the user. If the user makes any actions or movements, the natural aspect would be demolished.
我们使用 Kinect 传感器和任何投影仪制作一个互动投影屏幕。用户可以扮演废弃建筑的一部分。用户周围将有绿色植物生长或动物穿行。如果用户进行任何动作或移动，自然方面将被破坏。
The Exhibition Experience Design
展览体验设计
The path of the experience is carefully designed. A brochure is obtained at the entrance, after which one can view on-screen footage of an abandoned building with no interference, to contrast it with the footage of those who will later participate in it. After reading the intro, they enter an interactive area where the Kinect in the Reserved Area detects movement and transmits it to a computer that renders the video footage in real-time, creating an interactive effect. Before leaving, the experiencer can remove a leaf from the brochure and hang it on the tree, simulating a scenario in which humans leave to help nature recover.
体验的路径被精心设计。在入口处获取一份手册后，可以先观看一个未受干扰的废弃建筑的屏幕影像，以此与那些稍后参与其中的影像形成对比。阅读简介后，他们将进入一个互动区域，保留区域的 Kinect 检测到动作并将其传输到电脑，电脑实时渲染视频影像，创造互动效果。在离开前，体验者可以从手册中取下一片叶子并挂在树上，模拟人类离开并帮助自然恢复的场景。
Prototype
原型
The Interactive Video
互动视频
At the very beginning, we used Adobe After Effects to simulate the growth animation as an initial sample.
一开始，我们使用 Adobe After Effects 模拟生长动画作为初始样本。
This basic and visible step gave us the confidence to continue to move on to more difficult productions.
这个基本且可见的步骤给了我们继续进行更难制作的信心。
Later, we tried to learn the TouchDesigner software and used it to design the interactive experience video.
后来，我们尝试学习 TouchDesigner 软件，并使用它来设计互动体验视频。
Here, Kinect detects human movement more accurately than a camera. In an unoccupied area, green plants are growing unchecked, while within the area of the human body, the green plants will disappear and the appearance of the abandoned building will be presented.
在这里，Kinect 比摄像头更准确地检测人体运动。在一个无人占据的区域，绿色植物正在不受控制地生长，而在人体区域内，绿色植物将消失，展现出废弃建筑的外观。
The Brochure
手册
The brochure has a portable folding design and is picked up at the beginning of the experience when the experiencer enters the exhibition area.
手册采用便携式折叠设计，在体验者进入展览区域开始时领取。
In addition to an introduction and on-site orientation information, the cover features a very prominent leaf that can be easily removed so that it can be hung on the Interactive Tree before leaving.
除了介绍和现场导向信息外，封面还特别突出了一片可以轻松移除的叶子，以便在离开前挂在互动树上。
The Interactive Tree
互动小树
The tree is used to simulate a natural recovery scenario. For every experiencer who leaves, a leaf will be hung from the tree. Eventually, as the humans leave, the tree will return to its original life, symbolizing nature’s reoccupation of the abandoned building.
树被用来模拟自然恢复的场景。对于每一个离开的体验者，将会有一片叶子挂在树上。最终，随着人类的离开，树将恢复其原有的生命，象征着自然对废弃建筑的重新占据。
Test
测试
We connected the computer to the TV via HDMI to simulate the immersive effect of a projected screen. The Kinect, which was connected to the computer, was placed in front of the TV and transmitted the captured body movements to the TouchDesigner software on the computer, which rendered the image in real time and projected it onto the TV screen.
我们通过 HDMI 将电脑连接到电视，模拟投影屏幕的沉浸效果。连接到电脑的 Kinect 放置在电视前，并将捕捉到的身体动作传输到电脑上的 TouchDesigner 软件，软件实时渲染图像并将其投影到电视屏幕上。
When an experiencer enters the Kinect’s recognition zone (the space in front of the TV screen), they can interact with it instantly.
当体验者进入 Kinect 的识别区域（电视屏幕前的空间）时，他们可以立即与之互动。
Our group ended up demonstrating this project in class. The professor and guests, as well as many of our peers, tried to experience the interactive video. We had a discussion session after the demo to talk about how we could further upgrade the current program into a more immersive experience.
我们的小组最终在课堂上演示了这个项目。教授、来宾以及我们许多同伴尝试体验了互动视频。演示后我们进行了讨论会，讨论如何将当前程序进一步升级为更加沉浸的体验。
By handing out brochures to everyone in the room, everyone ended up collaborating to bring the Interactive Tree to life. Thank you to everyone who participated! And thank you to my teammates for creating this fun and inspiring experience together.
通过向房间里的每个人发放手册，最终大家共同努力，让互动小树焕发生机。感谢每位参与者！也感谢我的队友们一起创造了这个有趣且启发思考的体验。
Reference
参考文献
Ferrando, F. (2016). The party of the Anthropocene: Post-humanism, environmentalism, and the post-anthropocentric paradigm shift. Rel.: Beyond Anthropocentrism, 4, 159.
Ferrando, F. (2016). The party of the Anthropocene: Post-humanism, environmentalism, and the post-anthropocentric paradigm shift (人类纪的派对：后人类主义、环境主义和后人类中心范式的转变). Rel.: Beyond Anthropocentrism (超越人类中心主义), 4, 159. (非官方翻译)